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A factitious disorder is a condition in which a person acts as if he or she has an illness by deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating symptoms. Factitious disorder imposed on another is a condition in which a person deliberately produces, feigns, or exaggerates the symptoms of someone in his or her care. Münchausen syndrome, a severe form of factitious disorder, was the first kind identified, and was for a period the umbrella term for all such disorders. People with this condition may produce symptoms by contaminating urine samples, taking hallucinogens, injecting themselves with fecal material to produce an abscess, and other similar behaviour. They might be motivated to perpetrate factitious disorders either as a patient or by proxy as a caregiver to gain any variety of benefits including attention, nurturance, sympathy, and leniency that are seen as not obtainable any other way. In contrast, somatic symptom disorders, though also diagnoses of exclusion, are characterized by multiple somatic complaints that are not produced intentionally.〔(Somatoform Disorders )〕 ==Types== DSM-IV differentiates among three types: * Factitious disorders with predominantly psychological signs and symptoms: if psychological signs and symptoms predominate in the clinical presentation * Factitious disorders with predominantly physical signs and symptoms: if physical signs and symptoms predominate in the clinical presentation * Factitious disorders with combined psychological and physical signs and symptoms: if both psychological and physical signs and symptoms are present and neither predominates in the clinical presentation〔 Reference for the three types as described 20 January 2013〕 DSM-5 differentiates among two types: * Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self * Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another 〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Cleveland Clinic ) Reference for the two as described 1 April 2015〕 * * When an individual falsifies illness in another, whether that be a child, pet or older adult, the diagnosis falls under Factitious Disorder'' imposed on another.〔Nolan- Hoeksema, Susan. (2014). Abnormal Psychology. McGraw Hill Publishing; 6th int ed. p. 159〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「factitious disorder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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